The French And Indian War - 1731 Words

The American Revolution was fought from 1775-1783, the war happened because of the tension that was building between Great Britain and their thirteen colonies. From 1607 to 1763, Britain gave the thirteen colonies benign and salutary neglect. Even though the colonists lived under the Mercantilist doctrine, they were still allowed to prosper while under Great Britain’s authority. The French and Indian war changed their relationship.Great Britain going to war with France caused them to accumulate a lot of debt. They thought heavily taxing the colonists would help them pay off their debt. The colonists were unaware of the taxing until Great Britain started taxing them on tea, which they drank daily. This caused their taxing plan to backfire. Great Britain s relationship with the colonies developed into an armed conflict that caused the colonists to declare their independence in 1776. â€Å"The first shots heard around the world† of the Revolutionary War were supposedly hea rd at Lexington and Concord. France entered the American Revolution on the side of the colonists, the French were persuaded by Thomas Jefferson and Benjamin Franklin in 1778. France helped the Continental Army to get the British to surrender at Yorktown in 1781 causing the Americans to win their independence; the fighting didn’t officially end until 1783. Revolutionary War was started and fought over economic, social, and political issues. Britain s Mercantilist system was used to control economicShow MoreRelatedThe French And Indian War1095 Words   |  5 PagesThe French and India war was a war that took place in today’s Pittsburgh. The war was both caused by the English and French. The English and the French both felt that they were entitled to land and each was to willing to fight and they were also, willing to go into war so they could prove that they owned the land. (odellreads.com) The French and India war started out as a dispute over land in the Ohio River Valley area, both the French and English settlers moved towards colonization of that areaRead MoreThe French And Indian War1195 Words   |  5 PagesSince the beginning of history, wars have been fought to gain territories, independence, or to fight against those who take away one’s rights. The French and Indian War was fought in North America over the Ohio Valley, however, it is much more than just a war to gain territory. This war opened doors to the colonists who decided that fighting for independence was something they were in need of doing. The French and Indian War was the portion of the Seven Year’s War that was fought in North AmericaRead MoreThe French And Indian War967 Words   |  4 Pages 2014 During the French and Indian War of 1754-1763, the French and the British were competing for land throughout the Ohio Valley, the Mississippi River, and the St. Lawrence River and for trading rights in North America. Both nations saw this territory as a necessity to increase its own power and wealth while simultaneously limiting the strength of its rival. Although, after the French and Indian War the British gained all of the French land in North America. Following the war the British governmentRead MoreThe French And Indian War877 Words   |  4 Pageshistory; wars, such as the French and Indian war altered the perception of the American people. These events and people were some of the many that facilitated the colonists’ defiance against the British. Altercations they encountered turned the people of the newly formed Americas against the British aiding in their quest for independence. During the time of 1763-1775, one of the occurrences that happened to affect the colonists’ perception of the British was the French and Indian War. The war itselfRead MoreThe French And Indian War895 Words   |  4 PagesMany wars were fought between the English and the French. The French and Indian War was an important factor in the writing of the Declaration of Independence. The war was very costly for the British. After the war ended the British thought of ways to gain money from the colonists to help replenish funds lost from the war. This usually was in the form of taxes. The colonists were not happy with the British government and made their feelings and opinions known. The colonists wanted their freedom andRead MoreThe French And Indian War938 Words   |  4 PagesThe French and Indian War was a long and bloody war fought by both colonial and British soldiers. By the end of the war, both Britain and the colonies were changed, and so their relationships were changed a s well - mostly in negative ways. After the war, political, ideological and economic relations between the colonies and Britain would never be the same. Many colonists realizing their lack of representation in Parliament, which created political tension; British taxation of the colonies createdRead MoreThe French And Indian War1556 Words   |  7 Pages The French and Indian War/Seven Years War began in response to the British unapologetically impinging on the French and the Indian territory. After the seven years of war, the French and British negotiated the Treaty of Paris. The Treaty of Paris effectively ended the French and Indian War/the Seven Years War. It was put into practice in 1763. The immediate results included the French loss of all territory in the Americas except some islands in the Gulf, the Spanish receiving all land west of theRead MoreThe French And Indian War1337 Words   |  6 Pagesbeen many wars, some wars were fought for world domination and others were fought for independence. One war that fought for independence was the American Revolution. The American Revolution was fought between the colonists and the English with the French aiding the colonists. There are many causes for the American Revolution some of the causes are the French and Indian War, The Sugar and Stamp Act, The Boston Massacre, The Boston Te a Party, and the Intolerable Acts. The French and Indian War, also calledRead MoreThe French And Indian War1310 Words   |  6 Pagescommencement of the revolution. The discussion below critically exploits and explores various reasons that led to the start of the revolution. The French and Indian War The wars which happened between 1754 and 1763 had a high impact on the colonies that were initially proud to be part and parcel of Great Britain. However, as it was noted later after the war, most colonists got increasingly bothered by various Acts passed by the Britain Parliament such as the Currency Acts that were made between 1751Read MoreThe French And Indian War1183 Words   |  5 Pages1773 Britain defeated France in the French and Indian war.The colonists had secretly been bringing in tea into the area from dutch, the tea was cheaper and not taxed, this helped many families in America. It caused parliament to be short of money. In effort to replenish. Victory in the french and indian war was costly for the british. At war’s conclusion in 1763, king George 111 and his government looked to taxing the American colonies as a way of recouping their war cost, they thought that people want

Equality Between Men And Women - 1263 Words

When it comes to making a difference in the status of women, a feminist would never place faith on the Centre of Political power to bring about this change. This is for the simple logical reason that a politics is the embodiment of patriarchy. Among all superstructures of the society starting from family, the community, religion, the Rulers represent the highest form of discrimination. Hence an institution which is to work towards the emancipation of women has to be free from political influence without which it is toothless and only ornamental. When the demand for a Commission dedicated to the task of working towards the issues of women arose, it was always intended to an autonomous. The CSWI report endorsed the recommendation given by†¦show more content†¦It may also be seen as a core and periphery structure where the political power dissipates from the core and women have been pushed to the periphery who are the last ones to receive the benefits of the its actions. Hence the Commission puts women as the ends of welfare and not the means. Women become the targets and not the participants in the decision making. A simple perusal of the National Commission for Women Act tells us that the NCW is not an autonomous body. The chairperson and members of the Commission are nominated by the Central Government. The Act is silent on the procedure of appointment. One would have expected that the appointment procedure would if not wholly independent of political influence, to be atleast be similar to appointment procedure of the NHRC chairperson and members. None of the governments have accepted the repeated demand of women’s groups that the selection of Chairperson and members should be from a panel prepared in consultation with women’s groups. Even the NCW itself made a subtle recommendation in amendment of the provision of S3(1) of the 1990 Act by inserting after the words ‘the Central Government’ the words ‘in consultation with the Chairperson,’ , but even this concession could not be accepted by the governments. With such an appointment procedure, political considerations are bound to seep in. it has been time after time seen that NCW Chairpersons change with change in the Government and their loyalties, not

Blackrock free essay sample

The Portfolio Analytics Group or (PAG) within Blackrock Solutions utilises Blackrock’s proprietary analytics tools and models, such as the Green Package reporting suite, to measure risk on both a security and portfolio level. This area immediately attracts me as this is exactly the roles and responsibilities that i am looking for with regards to an internship Summer Internship with yourselves. The PAG Analyst role is central in supporting Blackrock’s investment process, producing reports and analytics utilised by all areas of the firm, giving rise to a unique opportunity to see how all functional areas operate and link together. The role is also central in supporting BlackRock Solutions external clients across their investment process and risk management oversight. Therefore this does not only fulfil and provide insight into all the areas that i am so very interested and intrigued by, but also gives a much broader perspective to the wider functions of BlackRock. We will write a custom essay sample on Blackrock or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page BlackRock is widely recognized for its disciplined investment process and rigorous risk management. Since its inception, we have focused on the assessment of security and portfolio-level risks for investment decision making as well as for efficient transaction execution. As a result, BlackRock developed an integrated suite of investment management tools that provide solutions to these many varied facets of the business model. All these points help to culminate together in understanding what attracts me personally to an internship with an industry leader such as yourselves. The way you operate as a firm, your corporate culture and identity, plus your track record and that fact that you are so highly regarded within your respective industry fields, all help to see why exactly i am attracted to an internship opportunity at BlackRock, a firm that truly encapsulates everything i am looking for with regards to my future and further professional learning, development, and career prospects.

Finance for Business Operated Repairing Household Works

Question: Discuss about the Finance for Business for Operated Repairing Household Works. Answer: A. Emu electronics is the electronic manufacturer previously operated repairing household works. Currently the business is expanded and now known to be a manufacturer of the speciality electronic items. The company is prime seller of smart phone. For the emerging demand of the variety of features of smart phones, Emu electronics spent more into the research and developmental works for upgrading the system and deliver more modified version to their customers. Based on the case scenario and the information, this report has addressed several questions in the first section of the assignment. The calculation of NPV, payback period, profitability index has been done in the below mentioned table: Year Sales (Unit) Unit price ($) Total sales ($) 1 64000 485 31040000 2 106000 485 51410000 3 87000 485 42195000 4 78000 485 37830000 5 54000 485 26190000 Table 1: Total sales calculation (Source: Created by author) Calculation of Depreciation Value($) Cost of Manufacturing Equipments 34500000 Depreciated over the 7 years life (Straight Line Method) 4928571.429 Table 2: Per year depreciation calculation (Source: Created by author) Calculation of Net cash Flow Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Net Sales 31040000 51410000 42195000 37830000 26190000 Fixed Costs -5100000 -5100000 -5100000 -5100000 -5100000 Variable Costs -13120000 -21730000 -17835000 -15990000 -11070000 Total costs -18220000 -26830000 -22935000 -21090000 -16170000 Profit 12820000 24580000 19260000 16740000 10020000 Less: Depreciation -4928571 -4928571 -4928571 -4928571 -4928571 EBIT 7891429 19651429 14331429 11811429 5091429 Corporate Tax@30% 2367428.7 5895428.7 4299428.7 3543428.7 1527428.7 EAT 5524000 13756000 10032000 8268000 3564000 Total cash flow (EAT+Dep) 10452571 18684571 14960571 13196571 8492571 Table 3: Calculation of Net cash flow (Source: Created by author) Calculation of Net working capital 6208000 10282000 8439000 7566000 5238000 Changes in Working capital 4074000 -1843000 -873000 -2328000 Table 4: changes in working capital over the years (Source: Created by author) Year Cash Flow Changes in NWC Cumulative cash flow Discounted factor (@12%) Discounted Cash flow 0 -35450000 0 -35450000 1 10452571 10452571 -24997429 0.892857143 9332652.946 2 18684571 -4074000 14610571 -10386857 0.797193878 11647457.99 3 14960571 1843000 16803571 6416714 0.711780248 11960450.14 4 13196571 873000 14069571 20486285 0.635518078 8941466.917 5 8492571 2328000 10820571 31306857 0.567426856 6139882.75 48021910.74 Payback period 2.61813392 IRR 25% Profitability index 1.354637821 NPV 12571910.74 Table 5: Calculation of NPV (Source: Created by author) Assessment of sensitivity in accordance NPV to changes in price It has been assumed that the price of the smart phone has been reduced by 10 % Year Sales (Unit) Unit price ($) Total sales ($) 1 64000 436.5 27936000 2 106000 436.5 46269000 3 87000 436.5 37975500 4 78000 436.5 34047000 5 54000 436.5 23571000 Table 6 : Revised sales figure after price change (Source: Created by author) Calculation of Net cash Flow Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Net Sales 27936000 46269000 37975500 34047000 23571000 Fixed Costs -5100000 -5100000 -5100000 -5100000 -5100000 Variable Costs -13120000 -21730000 -17835000 -15990000 -11070000 Total costs -18220000 -26830000 -22935000 -21090000 -16170000 Profit 9716000 19439000 15040500 12957000 7401000 Less: Depreciation -4928571 -4928571 -4928571 -4928571 -4928571 EBIT 4787429 14510429 10111929 8028429 2472429 Corporate Tax@30% 1436228.7 4353128.7 3033578.7 2408528.7 741728.7 EAT 3351200 10157300 7078350 5619900 1730700 Total cash flow (EAT+Dep) 8279771 15085871 12006921 10548471 6659271 Calculation of Net working capital 5587200 9253800 7595100 6809400 4714200 Changes in Working capital 3666600 -1658700 -785700 -2095200 Table: Revised working capital change (Source: Created by author) Year Cash Flow Changes in NWC Cumulative cash flow Discounted factor (@12%) Discounted Cash flow 0 -35450000 -35450000 1 8279771 8279771 -27170228.7 0.892857143 7392653 2 15085871 -3666600 11419271 -15750957 0.797193878 9103373 3 12006921 1658700 13665621 -2085336 0.711780248 9726919 4 10548471 785700 11334171 9248835 0.635518078 7203071 5 6659271 2095200 8754471 18003307 0.567426856 4967522 38393538 Payback period 3 IRR 15% Profitability Index 1.083033521 NPV 2943538.316 Table 7: Changed NPV calculation considering the Price fluctuation (Source: created by author) In the above scenario, the NPV is calculated assuming the 10% reduction in price of the products of the Emu Electronics. In that case, per unit selling price has been changed to $485 to $436.5. Here the NPV is reduced from $12571910.74 to $2943538.316. This is quite evident that the price is highly sensitive. These changes also affect on the profitability index of the business. According to Galvez, Ordieres-Mer and Capuz-Rizo (2015), the sensitivity helps to make understand the overall changes to the assessment of the profitability of the business. In this case scenario, the price reduction has been considered and calculation has been done based on 10 percent price reduction consideration. Assess sensitivity in accordance NPV to changes in sales It has been assumed that the sales of the smart phone has been reduced by 16 % Year Sales (Unit) Unit price ($) Total sales ($) 1 53760 485 26073600 2 89040 485 43184400 3 73080 485 35443800 4 65520 485 31777200 5 45360 485 21999600 Table : Calculation of sales considering the sales reduction (Source: created by author) Calculation of Net working capital 5214720 8636880 7088760 6355440 4399920 Changes in Working capital 3422160 -1548120 -733320 -1955520 Table 8 : Changes in working capital (Source: Created by author) Year Cash Flow Changes in NWC Cumulative cash flow Discounted factor (@12%) Discounted Cash flow 0 -35450000 -35450000 1 6976091 6976091 -28473908.7 0.892857143 6228652.946 2 12926651 -3422160 9504491 -18969417 0.797193878 7576922.274 3 10234731 1548120 11782851 -7186566 0.711780248 8386800.818 4 8959611 733320 9692931 2506365 0.635518078 6160033.074 5 5559291 1955520 7514811 10021177 0.567426856 4264105.747 32616514.86 Payback period 4 IRR 9% Profitability Index 0.920070941 NPV -2833485.141 Table 9: NPV calculation considering the sales fluctuation (Source: created by author) In the above scenario, the entire NPV calculation has been done based on the assumption of the reduction of sales volume by 16 percent. Under this condition, the sales units have been reduced and thus, the net sales amount is also being decreased. Based on the 12 percent discounting factor, the net present value, profitability index, payback period and IRR have been calculated. This is clearly indicated that the net present value of the business is least compared to other two options. Based on the above three scenarios, this can be concluded that the original condition of the business is the most viable for production of smart phone. Under this scenario, the net present value of Emu Electronics is $12571910.74. On the other hand, the profitability index id the project appraisal technique which ensures the projects viability and the future cash outlay. Under this scenario, the profitability index is the highest i.e., 1.35. This means that the existing condition is the idea financial condition where the maximum return can be achieved by the company. In addition, the interest rate of return evaluates the desirability of the project. In the first scenario, the highest rate of return has been ascertained, thus the company should produce the new smart phone for generating more revenue in the future. If Emu Electronics losses sales on other models, that does not impacts on the new production of smart phones. Hence, any such variations will not impact on the new smart phone of Emu electronics. Therefore, the changes made in the oil handset do not impact on the net present value of the new production. Part B Ascertainment the book value of debt and equity for Harvey Norman and Interest rate risk management: Total debt to equity 2013 2014 2015 Total debt $820.28m $707.97m $698.44m Less: cash reserves -$161.66m -$144.96m -$185.84m Net Debt $658.62m $563.01m $512.60m Total equity $2.38bn $2.51bn $2.58bn Net debt to equity (%) 27.69% 22.40% 19.88% Table 10: Ascertainment of book value of equity and debt of Harvey Norman (Source: Harveynorman.com.au 2016) In 2015, the total net debt of the Harvey Norman is $512.60m. On the other hand, the total equity of the company in that year is $2.58bn. The total book value of the debt is considered both short term and long term debt of the company while calculating the total debt. On the contrary, the total value of equity has been derived after deducting the preferred equity shares. The book value of debt is useful for determination of the book ratio of the business. However, several researchers have been criticised that it is very difficult to value the debt because this has been varied at times with the figure of the balance sheet. However this above figure gives the clear idea about the companys net exposure and the overall interest rate over the years. Estimation of cost of equity of Harvey Norman: Consideration of the current price of stock of Harvey Norman: At present the stock price of the company is $5.34 which is specified in the company website. Consideration of the market value of equity and market capitalisation of Harvey and Norman: The figure of $5.94 is the overall market capitalization of the company. Computation of the outstanding shares of Harvey Norman: Presently, the company has approximately $11126.56 million of shares as outstanding in the capital market. Assessment of the current annual dividend paid by Harvey Norman: The net amount of dividend paid in the present year is $0.17. This reflects the overall rate of return which is of 5.65 percent. The yield value of government debt in Australia: This has been evident that the overall risk free government debt is ascertained as 3.25 percent and the value of the yield of the government debt is 1.49 percent Computation of the Cost of equity of Harvey Norman by using the model of CAPM: The above mentioned data attained for the yield of the market for the determination of the cost of capital of Harvey Norman. The below information are as follows: Risk free rate 3.25% Market return rate 6.60% Market value of risk premium 3.35% Variance 0.000109918 Beta 0.199367955 Covariance between stock and market 2.19142E-05 SD of market 0.010484185 Cost of Equity 3.92% Table 11: The cost of equity of Harvey Norman (Source: Created by author) Calculation of the cost of equity: To ascertain the weighted average costs of capital of the company, it is necessary to ascertain the costs of debt. The cost of debt as computed is the book value of the stock, i.e. 11.91 percent. Here the present interest rate is also being considered which is charged at 5.60 percent from Westpac. To take the appropriate decision, the investors need to assess the weighted average costs of capital. Calculation of the Weighted Average Cost of Capital of Harvey Norman considering the tax rate: Cost of Equity 3.92% Interest expenses 32.0822 Book value of Debt 269.459 Market value of cost of debt 5.60% Book value of Cost of debt 11.91% Equity 4490.27 Total Capital 4759.729 Debt 269.459 Tax rate 28.88% WACC on the basis of Book value 4.18% WACC on the basis of Market value 3.92% Table 12 : The Weighted Average Cost of Capital of Harvey Norman (Source: Created by author) Using pure play method, the assessment of the cost of capital for HCL and determining any problems which may affect the scenario: The pure play method is not efficient for the assessment of the costs of capital because it does not provide the overall costs of capital for HCL. On the other hand, HCL Company does not have the exposure of the diverse business operations which is unlike from Harvey Norman. Hence, the costs of capital may not give any benefit for the computation of the overall weighted average costs of capital. References: Galvez, E.A., Ordieres-Mer, J. and Capuz-Rizo, S.F., 2015. Analysis of project duration uncertainty using global sensitivity analysis. The Journal of Modern Project Management, 2(3). Harveynorman.com.au. (2016). Harvey Norman | Shop Online for Computers, Electrical, Furniture, Bedding, Bathrooms Flooring | Harvey Norman Australia. [online] Available at: https://Harveynorman.com.au [Accessed 26 Sep. 2016]. Bibliography: Arrow, K.J. and Lind, R.C., 2014. Uncertainty and the evaluation of public investment decisions. Journal of Natural Resources Policy Research, 6(1), pp.29-44. Aue, A., Hrmann, S., Horvath, L., Huskov, M. and Steinebach, J., 2012. A sequential procedure to detect changes in the beta for the functional capm model. Econometrica, 28(4), pp.804-837. Baker, M. and Wurgler, J., 2013.Do strict capital requirements raise the cost of capital? Banking regulation and the low risk anomaly(No. w19018). National Bureau of Economic Research. Barberis, N., Greenwood, R., Jin, L. and Shleifer, A., 2015. X-CAPM: An extrapolative capital asset pricing model.Journal of Financial Economics,115(1), pp.1-24. Cheynel, E., 2013. A theory of voluntary disclosure and cost of capital.Review of Accounting Studies,18(4), pp.987-1020. Hugonnier, J., Malamud, S. and Morellec, E., 2015. Capital supply uncertainty, cash holdings, and investment. Review of Financial Studies, 28(2), pp.391-445. Johnstone, D., 2015. The effect of information on uncertainty and the cost of capital. Contemporary Accounting Research. Liesi, J. and Punkka, A., 2014. Baseline value specification and sensitivity analysis in multiattribute project portfolio selection. European Journal of Operational Research, 237(3), pp.946-956.

Crooks Diary Entry Of mice and Men Essay Example

Crooks Diary Entry Of mice and Men Paper Oh god. So much happened today; I dont remember the last time I had so much to deal with in one night. I just sittin around, workin in my room, enjoying the peace and quite of the night when I heard someone at the door. It was Lennie, the new big guy, askin about his damn pups. What does he think hes doing? Disturbing me from my daily routines. But I was feelin pretty lonely at the time, so I let him in. He came in and started talkin about his stupid rabbits and how hes going to have a ranch of his own with George, his small friend. Ha! What is this? Some sortta of joke? They dont even have the money for it! Gosh hes such an idiot, coming to someone like me at night and just yaking bout how hes going to accomplish is dream and pet rabbits. Hes nuts. Acts like hes a 5-year old kid or somethin. But then, the strangest thing happened, I had another visitor. It was the old swamper. At least it was someone who has somewhat of a brain. Said to me that it must be nice to have the whole room to myself. If only he would understand what I prefer to have; Id rather be in a room cramped with 20 people than facing 4 white walls every evening! We will write a custom essay sample on Crooks Diary Entry Of mice and Men specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Crooks Diary Entry Of mice and Men specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Crooks Diary Entry Of mice and Men specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Candy went on to say that he was part of Lennie and Georges rambled about how close they are to actually succeeding, like it was really going to happen. I couldnt believe the big guy was speaking the truth all along! I cant stop myself from thinking, if these two people can talk to me like Im somebody, living with them on their ranch my twist my fate, I will no longer be discriminated! Suddenly, the fact that my future could change into something better, something to look forward to, really made me excited. Images of what I can accomplish flushed into my mind, The thought of having to deal with less of what I deal with now is just exhilarating! When Candy talked about having their own land and living without the worry of losing a place to live, food to eat, and actually owning property, my heart soared, that would really be a great idea, my life really could change! I cant stop thinking about it, how Lennie and George are so close to achieving their goal, mine might be possible too! I could have if I had my own land, I might earn more than what I earn now, even raise a family, I could be a dad and so much possibilities. Curleys wife appeared at my front door, the one that has tons of makeup on her face, which brought us three men to shock, I dont remember the last time this room was so crowded! What trouble does she want now? With her here, I could imagine the worst happening, us three being sacked from our jobs, is that what she wants nowI think that in one way, me and Curleys wife have in common is having no one to communicate with. But she really pissed me off when she used her position in the ranch to threaten my job, that was not what I would do if I wanted to get along with someone or find someone to talk to. It was her fault for not believing that Curley did not get his hand stuck into the machine, what have I done to deserve those words that came out from her mouth? Who she call a nigger? That mean bitch that had no friends, she forgot that she was in my room, what she doing coming in so late to a mans room, wanting to get us all into trouble? Why cant she just mind her own business and leave us all to our peace? But Im glad she reminded me, I almost forgot my idenity, who I am as a black, how could I have even bared the thought of getting a life outside? I totally forgot about myself and how these white people treat me, how could I live with them, we are from different worlds, we cannot live together in peace, it will never happen. Good thing I told Lennie that I have changed my mind to being part of their land, god knows what might happen if I really went to start a new life with them! Tonight was such a strange night, how could everyone be suddenly off guard and talked to me like I was somebody to them, I havent had company for a very long time and Ive really missed it a lot. I really want someone to talk to ,to be able to listen to me talk, I really believe that being alone for such a long time would really drive me crazy somehow. The yearning I have for a companion is driving me close to being mad! But I will not forget about my dignity and who I am as a black person.

Idem and Ibid

Idem and Ibid Idem and Ibid Idem and Ibid By Maeve Maddox A reader asks, Could you discuss the use of â€Å"id.† in conjunction with referencing citations, especially web links? The abbreviation id. in bibliographical citations stands for Latin idem: â€Å"the same.† The abbreviation id. and the word idem are often seen in older scholarly works, but modern style guides, like The Chicago Manual of Style, no longer countenance the use: 14.30 â€Å"Idem† When several works by the same person are cited successively in the same note, idem (â€Å"the same,† sometimes abbreviated to id.) has sometimes been used in place of the author’s name. Except in legal references, where the abbreviation id. is used in place of ibid., the term is rarely used nowadays. Chicago discourages the use of idem, recommending instead that the author’s last name be repeated. Ibid. is another abbreviation related to the Latin word for same. It stands for ibidem, â€Å"in the same place† and usually refers to a single work cited in the note immediately preceding. Here is an example from the bibliographical endnotes for Chapter I, â€Å"Maid of France† in Marina Warner’s Joan of Arc: The Image of Female Heroism: 18. Pernoud, Retrial, pp. 197-8. (first mention of the book cited) 19. Ibid, p. 201. 20. Ibid, p. 134. 21. Ibid, p. 75. 22. Ibid, p. 177. 23. Ibid, p. 149. 24. Ibid, p. 96. 19. Ibid, pp. 90-2. All the references marked Ibid. are from the same source. Note: â€Å"Pernoud, Retrial† is the abbreviated form that Warner uses in the notes for Regine Pernoud’s The Retrial of Joan of Arc: The Evidence at the Trial for Her Rehabilitation. Ibid, italicized when referred to as a word, is not italicized in use. Ibid is pronounced with short i in both syllables. The i in idem is also a short vowel, as is the e. The reader asks about the use of id. in reference to Web links. I can’t recall having come across it, but if people do use it online, the same conventions that are described here would apply. For example: Maddox, Maeve. â€Å"Let the Word Do the Work.† Daily Writing Tips. May 30, 2007. Web. August 13, 2015. Ibid. The pattern for a Web citation (MLA style) is as follows: Last name, First name. â€Å"Article Title.† Website Title. Publisher. Date Month Year Published. Web. Date Month Year Accessed. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Spelling category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:How to Format a US Business Letter50 Synonyms for â€Å"Idea†Rite, Write, Right, Wright

Effects of Media Violence Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Effects of Media Violence - Research Paper Example There are at least four kinds of violent media effects on the life of people. The first one is about the transformation of reality in humans’ minds under the impact of mass media. The thing is that all kinds of information, such as television, newspapers, Internet, video games, and advertisement, give the audience a new concept of the world order, or in other words they present the universe like it is seen by them or like it is comfortable for them. No wonder, people who see, read or hear about violence day by day, probably begin to perceive the world in its totally negative aspects. They realize their system to be a heart of evil and harmful actions, which threaten not only physical health of mankind, but also hurt its mental state with all possible expected results. In fact, media is the new environment and the reality of modern culture. Unfortunately, the latter is penetrated with more negative sides than positive ones. So there is a conflict between people’s vision of rosy reality and violent reality of mass media itself. But this case is almost exceptional, for the vast majority of people turn into so-called blind believers in mass media notions of the world, due to its ability of erasing the boundaries of true reality and drawing of landscapes of fictional one with its main feature, that is, violence. As a result people with their modified perception of the world hand it.The second kind of media effect concerns to the changeover of society as a direct form of people’s union.

Why the civil acts rights of 1875 failed and the civil acts rights act Research Paper

Why the civil acts rights of 1875 failed and the civil acts rights act of 1964 succeeded - Research Paper Example Almost half of the country agreed to abolish slavery, wealthy owners of plantations in the southern States could not agree to such a loss of cheap workforce. People were exhausted by the Civil War lasting for four years. Economy of the country was also going down because of devastating effects of the Civil War. Big cities and small towns were damaged starting from houses and ending with roads and railroads. Introduced in 1870, the Civil Rights Act became a law only in 1875. Most of the Southern Republicans were against this law. However, it was pass According to the Civil Rights Act â€Å"equality of men before law† was recognized. One of the duties of government was â€Å"mete out equal and exact justice to all, of whatever nativity, race, color, or persuasion, religious or political†.1 Therefore, treating people equally in all the spheres of public activity and social life had to become one of the prerogatives of American society. However, not long after enactment of this law, in 1883, the Supreme Courte declared this law unconstitutional.2 This law offered by Senator Summers was one of the major effective actions of Reconstruction. Even though the Civil Rights Act of 1875 â€Å"outlawed racial segregation in public accommodations and prohibited the exclusion of blacks from jury duty†,3 it still was controversial in some aspects. First of all, the law did not include access of African Americans to many important public places such as schools, cemeteries, religious institutions, etc. Social rights of Americans became their civil rights according to the provisions of this law. Furthermore, this law allowed segregated schools rather than requiring mixed schooling. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 was declared in the time of the social unrest. The major movement for social equality was initiated by Martin Luther King. Protesting men, women, and children were severely beaten by police in Birmingham, Alabama. American president John F. Kennedy was greatly

Ethical Case Scenario Development Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Ethical Case Scenario Development - Assignment Example This will help me to generate the much needed knowledge I may require in order to complete this assignment. Again this is a good decision since it would improve my knowledge. However, recommending the board to undertake the project fully knowing that it is not feasible is unethical. Whilst I may pretend that all is well, my conscience would tell me that I have done something wrong. In the event that something goes terribly wrong during or after the project after I have indicated that all is well, I would be guilty of lying. I would have put myself in a tight corner where I would be forced to lie. Lying is unethical therefore it is always good to be truthful every time. As noted, lying is bad. The other option is to write a negative report without stating the reasons. This action is likely to cause anxiety among the board members. Writing a negative report is a good thing since it would help the management to review the whole scenario. In any case, this will help them to make informed decisions whether to proceed with the project or

Causes of Political Disaffection and Disengagement

Causes of Political Disaffection and Disengagement Is the British political class to blame for political disaffection and disengagement? The Founding Fathers suggested that a democracy can only come to impartial decisions if both high levels of representation and deliberation take place (Gargarella, 1998). As a result of growing political disengagement and disaffection within contemporary British politics, there is a growing, â€Å"focus on the quality of representative democracy in Britain and on the quality of participatory democracy† (Kelso, 2007, p365) – the relationship that has been recognised is that political disaffection and disengagement are not conducive with an impartial democracy. Worryingly, both the Hansard Society’s annual, ‘Audit of Political Engagement’ (2017), and a recent House of Commons briefing paper, ‘Political disengagement in the UK: who is disengaged?† (2017), suggest that political disaffection and disengagement are growing issues; knowledge of politics is down six percent from the previous year (49%), the level of trust in Government ‘to put the needs of the nation first’ has dropped to 17% (2013) and trust in the credibility of MPs stands at a measly 9%. These figures indicate that there is indeed an issue of disaffection and disengagement within the UK, thus, to determine if the political class or instead, something else is responsible, it becomes necessary to investigate what the cause of disengagement and disaffection is within specific subsections of the population; especially those who are more likely to become disengaged from politics – the ‘disaffected democrats’ (Flinders, 2015). These factions include demographics such as the ‘working class’ and ‘18-24 year olds’, both of which account for low levels of knowledge in politics compared to the average mentioned above; 29% and 33% respectively (Hansard Society 2017). The term ‘political class’ is contentious and, ‘is still not thoroughly developed in literature’ (Manolov 2013). Allen & Cairney’s, ‘What do we mean when we talk about the â€Å"Political Class†?’ (2015), offers the best practical definition; that the term political class is used to identify certain, ‘flawed characteristics’, that elected politicians tend to hold, those being: Limited roots in local constituencies, inexperience of the real world, inability to reï ¬â€šect the social background of the voting population, inability to represent devolved and English regions, and their tendency to engage in a style of politics that is off-putting to the general public.(Allen & Cairney, 2015, p18  ) The general view that the working class currently have of politicians is one of ‘cynicism’ (Manning & Homes 2012). Within a study conducted by Manning & Holmes (2012), members of the working class gave opinions on how the political class cannot represent them – one member of the survey describing David Cameron, the then PM as followed: â€Å"he’s snooty†¦ [h]e’ll not really be interested in ordinary, what I class ordinary people† (Manning & Holmes, 2012, p.483). This line of narrative makes total sense as there is no sense of ‘descriptive representation’ (Pitkin, 1967) for most elected MPs. For example, just 3% of MPs elected in 2015 came from an occupational background described as ‘manual work’ (House of Commons Library 2016), whilst the proportion of the population that lies within the social class of manual workers (DE) stands at 25% (NRS, 2016). Moreover, the annual wage for the working class sits below  £20,000 (Manning & Holmes, 2012) whilst the base annual salary of an MP starts at  £76,011 (Parliament.uk, 2017). It would be fair to say that there is a huge socio-economic disparity between the two classes which makes it hard for the working class to believe that they are truly represented within Parliament. This idea has been explored thoroughly in regard to the descriptive representation of women; Phillips (1995), most notably suggested that the electorate tends to favour those that are, â€Å"best equipped to represent† (Wà ¤ngerud, 2009, p.52), their views – those that can empathise directly with their electorate. Underrepresentation is an issue for a much wider demographic than just the working class. Just 8% of MPs identify as BME (British Future, 2017) whilst the population of BME citizens in the UK stands at 13% (Census, 2011). Furthermore, just 2% of MPs are under the age of 30 (Total Politics, 2016) whereas those who are of voting age under 30 make up 8.4% (Census, 2011). As the political class is not representative of the working class, or if it fails to represent minorities proportionally, there is no sense of, ‘impartiality’, within the representative process (Gargarella, 1998), resulting in political disaffection and potentially even disengagement. Whilst Pinkleton & Austin (2004) suggest that political disaffection leads to political disengagement, in evaluation, there is evidence to suggest that although disaffection is significant within the UK, the same cannot be said for political disengagement. Flinders (2015) argues that the current political climate is not, ‘anti-political’ –   that is it is not in favour of disengaging from politics – but that it is, ‘anti-establishment’ – disaffected from contemporary politics and the nature of the institution of the political class. Whilst statistics previously mentioned indicate that the levels of political knowledge within the working class are relatively low (29% vs. social class AB returning 71%), voter turnout in the 2017 General Election is only slightly lower than the highest ranking social class; DE’s 61% in comparison to AB’s 73% (IPSOS Mori, 2017). This would then indicate that even though the working class feel s disaffection towards politics, they remain involved in the political process. This seems to be the case more generally; more and more people are involving themselves in politics. Party membership numbers are ever increasing with the Labour party holding a 38 year high of 552,000 members (June 2017) and the Liberal Democrats a 24 year high of 102,000 (June 2017) (House of Commons Library, 2018). The logical question therefore; why is this the case amongst the working class and society in general? Birch (2016) reiterates the assumption that the [re]mobilisation of certain cleavages within politics indicates that a, â€Å"new issue has galvanised a previously political quiescent sector of the population† (p.107). This is reflected in the 2015 YouGov analysis of the General Election in which, the data within the social class ‘DE’ shows a shift away from the Conservatives (a vote share of 29%, their lowest amongst any social class) and one towards the alternatives of Labour and UKIP (37% and 18% respectively). A vote for Labour, whilst not as obviously as a vote for UKIP, could still very well be a vote against the political class. Mills (1958) specification of the political class as the, ‘political directorate’, places greater influence on the role of Cabinet above both Government and naturally Parliament. Following Mills’ terminology, a vote against the, ‘political directorate’, would be any party that would topple the current Cabinet. Thus, as Labour offer the most immediate alternative to the, ‘political directorate’, in a UK that is converging upon a two-party system (Prosser, 2018), a vote for them could also be interpreted as a rejection of the current political class; proof of political disaffection but not of disengagement. A stronger argument for disaffection being the fault of the political class would be the rise in support for UKIP. Nigel Farage, former leader and ardent supporter of UKIP, ran on a campaign revolving around the political class, ‘selling us out’, due to them being, ‘career politicians’ (GE 2015 & Brexit referendum 2017), drawing a clear line between the electorate and, ‘them’, (the political class). As well as furthering the argument of a lack of descriptive representation causing political disaffection, Farage’s campaign platform highlights an issue Crouch outlined in Post-Democracy (2004); career politicians are, â€Å"more concerned with meeting the needs of big business rather than ordinary citizens† (Jennings et al., 2016, p.880). This concept is reinforced by a survey carried out by Jennings et al, which reports that 78% of social classes C2DE believe politicians to be ‘self-serving’. This in tandem with the rise in votes for other parties, gives evidence of a growing cleavage against the political class, which although has prevented political disengagement from becoming a widespread issue amongst the working class, has cemented political disaffection within society. However, in evaluation, whilst political disaffection is self-evident, there is a systemic issue which enables the political class to unjustly receive much of the criticism. Flinders (2014, p.3) draws attention to the 1975 report, The Crisis of Democracy, which suggests that, â€Å"the demands on democratic government grow, while the capacity of democratic government stagnates†. The concept Flinders then explores in the same article is one of an, ‘expectation gap’, and, in another article, joined by Kelso, he goes on to assert that the contemporary system of Government, ‘encourages politicians to promise standards of behaviour †¦ that are unrealistic and unattainable’ (2011). Thus, when these, ‘unattainable’, promises are not kept, the result is one of disaffection as the electorate feels let down. Looking through the lens of game theory, it becomes clear as to why this is a systemic issue within contemporary UK politics. Whilst competing politicians both offer the most out of reach promises, any attempt to reduce the expectation gap by lowering the quality of promises will yield less votes, as to the electorate, the other candidates yields them a better payoff. Thus, the current scenario remains in a Nash equilibrium in which both candidates will offer a high level of promises in detriment to the expectation gap. Whilst it could be argued that the political class is at fault for offering unreasonable promises in the first places, it is to an extent only as a result of the nature of the contemporary electoral system. It can also be argued that political disaffection and disengagement are both contributed to by external factors, as opposed to just the political class. One of those external factors would be the influence of social media. Whilst this applies more to the younger generations within the electorate, the effects of social media in creating political disaffection are considerate. Yanamoto et al. (2017) report of ever increasing, ‘attack advertising’, and, ‘negative media coverage’, which perhaps foreshadowed the investigation into the activities of Cambridge Analytica (Channel 4 News, 2018). CA was more notoriously active in the Trump presidential election yet played a part in the 2016 Brexit referendum. Although there has been no leak of the explicit role CA played in the Brexit campaign, going off track record of its campaign defining ‘crooked Hilary’ slogan it developed from US Facebook data, it would be fair to suggest that the firm played a part in inflating political disaffection felt by the UK electorate. Even if CA was not directly involved, it cannot be denied that websites such as twitter, facebook and YouTube give individuals and entities a platform to spread cynicism and a rhetoric in favour of political disaffection. As suggested in Flinders (2015) individuals such as Owen Jones and Russel Brand played, ‘major roles’, in promoting a, ‘different form of politics’, engaging their audience, primarily the youth, in a narrative which revolved around the idea that, ‘the nature of British democracy’ was one of failure. Yanamoto et al (2017) found that cynicism like this, did not yield in disengagement from politics but rather, it, ‘foster[ed]’, a sense of desire to create change. In evaluation, social media is only a means of venting and publicising the original disaffection held by the electorate – disaffection which has been created by the political class. Bibliography Allen, P. & Cairney, P., 2015. ‘What do we mean when we talk about the â€Å"political class†?’. Political Studies Review, 2017, Vol.15(1), pp.18-27. Available from: http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1478-9302.12092 Birch, S., (2016). ‘Our new voters: Brexit, political mobilisation and the emerging electoral cleavage’. Juncture, 2016, Vol.23 (2), p.107-111. Available from: http://web.b.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail/detail?vid=0&sid=1b6a5f7d-88e1-4a87-93c5-b91d1acc55b3%40sessionmgr102&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#AN=118114895&db=bth British Future. ‘52 minority MPs to sit in ‘most diverse UK parliament ever’’. London: British Future. Available from: http://www.britishfuture.org/articles/52-minority-mps-to-sit-in-most-diverse-uk-parliament-ever/ Channel 4 News., 2018. ‘Exposed: undercover secrets of Trump’s data firm’. London: Channel 4. Available from: https://www.channel4.com/news/exposed-undercover-secrets-of-donald-trump-data-firm-cambridge-analytica Crouch, C., 2004. Post-Democracy. Cambridge: Polity Crozier, M., Huntington, S. P., Watanuki, J., Trilateral Commission., 1975. The crisis of democracy: Report on the governability of democracies to the trilateral commission. New York : New York University Press Farage, N., (2017). I got into politics because I could see our political class in Westminster would sell us out to Europe. Available from: https://www.facebook.com/nigelfarageofficial/videos/1542379039143027/ Flinders, M., 2014. ‘Explaining Democratic Disaffection: Closing the Expectations Gap’. Governance, Vol.27(1), pp.1-8. Available from: https://bath.userservices.exlibrisgroup.com/view/action/uresolver.do?operation=resolveService&package_service_id=2335930000002761&institutionId=2761&customerId=2760 Flinders, M., 2015. ‘The General Rejection? Political Disengagement, Disaffected Democrats and â€Å"Doing Politics† Differently’. Parliamentary Affairs, 2015, Vol. 68(suppl1), pp.241-254. Available from: https://academic.oup.com/pa/article/68/suppl_1/241/1403570 Flinders, M. and Kelso, A., 2011. ‘Mind the Gap: Political Analysis, Public Expectations and the Parliamentary Decline Thesis’. The British Journal of Politics and International Relations, Vol.13(2), pp.249-268. Available from: http://journals.sagepub.com.ezproxy1.bath.ac.uk/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1467-856X.2010.00434.x Gargarella, R. (1998). ‘Full Representation, Deliberation and Impartiality’, in J. Elster (ed.), Deliberative Democracy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 110–37 Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons, 2016. Social background of MPs 1979-2017. London: House of Commons Library. Available from: http://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-7483/CBP-7483.pdf Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons, 2017. Political disengagement in the UK: who is disengaged?. London: House of Commons Library. Available from: http://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-7501/CBP-7501.pdf Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons, 2018. Membership of UK political parties. London: House of Commons Library. Available from: http://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/SN05125/SN05125.pdf The Hansard Society, 2017. Audit of Political Engagement 14. London: The Hansard Society. (The 2017 Report). Available from: https://www.hansardsociety.org.uk/research/audit-of-political-engagement IPSOS Mori, 2017. How Britain voted in the 2017 elections. London: IPSOS Mori. Available from: https://www.ipsos.com/sites/default/files/2017-06/how-britain-voted-in-the-2017-election_2.pdf Jennings, W., Stoker, G., and Twyman, J., 2016. ‘The Dimensions and Impact of Political Discontent in Britain.’ Parliamentary Affairs. Vol. 69(4), pp. 876-900. Available from: https://academic-oup-com.ezproxy1.bath.ac.uk/pa/article/69/4/876/2468902 Kelso, A., 2007. ‘Parliament and Political Disengagement: Neither waving nor Drowning.’ The Political Quarterly. Vol 78(3), p. 364-373. Available from: https://onlinelibrary-wiley-com.ezproxy1.bath.ac.uk/doi/epdf/10.1111/j.1467-923X.2007.00865.x Manolov, G. L., 2013. ‘The Political Class – Defintion and Characteristics’. Slavak Journal of Political Sciences, Vol. 13(No. 1), pp.5-23. Available from: https://www.degruyter.com/view/j/sjps.2013.13.issue-1/issue-files/sjps.2013.13.issue-1.xml Mills, C. W., (1958). The Power Elite. London: Oxford University Press, pp. 225-42. National Readership Survey, 2017. Social Grade. London:   Publishers Audience Measurement Company Ltd. Available from: www.nrs.co.uk/nrs-print/lifestyle-and-classification-data/social-grade/ Office for National Statistics, National Records of Scotland, Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency. 2011. ‘Census aggregate data’. UK Data Service. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.5257/census/aggregate-2011-1 Pinkleton, B. E. & Austin, E. W., 2004. ‘Media perceptions and public affairs apathy in the politically inexperienced’. Mass Communication & Society, Vol.7(3), 319–337. Available from: https://www-tandfonline-com.ezproxy1.bath.ac.uk/doi/pdf/10.1207/s15327825mcs0703_4?needAccess=true Pitkin, H., 1967. The Concept of Representation. Berkeley, CA.: University of California Press Phillips, A., 1995. The Politics of Presence. Oxford: Clarendon Press Prosser, C., 2018. ‘The strange death of multi-party Britain: the UK General Election of 2017.’ West European Politics. 26 January 2018, p.1-11. Available from: https://www-tandfonline-com.ezproxy1.bath.ac.uk/doi/pdf/10.1080/01402382.2018.1424838?needAccess=true Wà ¤ngerud, L., 2009. ‘Women in Parliaments: Descriptive and Substantive Representation.’ The Annual Review of Political Science. Vol.12(1), pp.51-69. Available from: https://www-annualreviews-org.ezproxy1.bath.ac.uk/doi/10.1146/annurev.polisci.11.053106.123839 Whale, S., 2016. ‘The under-30 club: Life in the Commons for Britains youngest MPs’. Total Politics. London: Total Politics. Available from: https://www.totalpolitics.com/articles/features/under-30-club-life-commons-britains-youngest-mps

Capital Punishment Essay -- essays research papers

CAPITAL PUNISMENT - IMMORAL OR NOT As a minority of US bishops once said, â€Å"We cannot teach that killing is wrong by killing.† The Catholic Church has spoken out repeatedly and passionately about the need to protect human life of every stage of existence. All issues and matters relating to the dignity and worth of human life fall with the realm of the fifth commandment, â€Å"You shall not kill.† The Catholic Church consistently communicates the importance of human life. As the late pope John Paul II once stated, â€Å"May the death penalty, an unworthy punishment still used in some countries, be abolished throughout the world. A sign of hope is the increasing recognition that the dignity of human life must never be taken away, even in the case of someone who has done great evil.† Capital punishment is one of those moral issues that divide society. Most people in favour of the death penalty think that it should only be for those that have committed brutal premeditated crimes, mass murders and convicted multiple rapes. But Christians teaching, whatever the religion, believe that the criminal should be given the chance for rehabilitation. Early references to penalties for murder and capital punishment can be found in the bible. The first mention of appropriate punishment for murder is found in Genesis 4: 11 – 15 â€Å"Now you are under a curse and driven from the ground, which opened its mouth to receive your brother’s blood from your hand. When you work the ground, it will no longer...

Non traditional threat to US Essay

In my opinion the most pertinent Non-traditional threat to the US is the economy. It is the single most important, globalized, and un-accounted for problem in the US. The current problem is so bad that the US economy is days away from a (partial) default. This would be the first default since possibly the 1700’s at the founding of the nation. The problem with this is the US green back is the reserve currency of the world (all or most investments are made in US dollars). If the US defaults it will cause a ripple effect that will make the 2008 global financial crisis look small in comparison to the lobal catastrophe that will occur. The reason most investments are in US dollars is because dollars have historically been the most stable currency in the modern age. The US defaulting on its debts has both internal and external effects. The total of US government debt is over $ 16. 9 trillion. (US Debt Clock) Of that debt, $ 4. 8 trillion is owned by governmental agencies. This includes agencies such as the social security (holds over $2. 5 trillion dollars). Of the public debt, foreign investors own $5. 7 trillion. Keep in mind this is Just the actual government debt; effects of a default would be uch bigger. The US reached its debt ceiling in 2012. The US constitution – 14th Amendment, Section 4 – directly forbids the government from defaulting on its debt. Thus to cope with the debt ceiling being reached the government has been taking extraordinary measures in order to pay their debts (for instance suspending investments on individual pension funds). When these measures are exhausted, the government will not bring on a global economic collapse as they default on all their bonds. They will Just be forced to balance the economy – to match their spending with their collected revenue. This is a very different issue (still with its problems) to a full default. What is important is that a full default is likely to not happen. The brinksmanship between the rogue Republicans and the government would only threaten a ‘technical’ default on the shortest-dated US government bonds, because their shorter lives mean their maturity date is nearer than the rest of the government’s ‘safe’ assets. The problem here, as ever, is not whether the federal government is able to repay the principle from these bonds, but the short-term methods used to make these repayments. The US treasury would still be seen as a ‘safe investment’, albeit in more economically uncertain times, and thus bonds would probably rise in price – believe it or not, the US government 10-year bond decreased in price after news that the media reported a default was unlikely. Though we are quick to forget, there have been 17 government shutdowns between 1976-1996 and the debt ceiling is raised almost every year – a full default never happens. This brinksmanship is historically common, and it is the media and politicians that fuel the political fire by indicating that this is the year where it will default.

Assess the Strengths and Weaknesses of the Functionalist Approach to Society Essay Essay Example

Assess the Strengths and Weaknesses of the Functionalist Approach to Society Essay Essay Example Assess the Strengths and Weaknesses of the Functionalist Approach to Society Essay Paper Assess the Strengths and Weaknesses of the Functionalist Approach to Society Essay Paper Functionalism is seen as a macro-scale attack to society ; it sees society as a whole instead than looking at parts of it. Due to this. functionalism sees society as a organic structure ( organic analogy ) . all the establishments work together to do society. This is peculiarly utile when detecting society in order to understand the manner in which it maps and the manner in which all the establishments ( organic analogy: variety meats within the organic structure ) work together to prolong society as a whole. Functionalism being a macro-scale attack is hence seen as a strength as it allows functionalist sociologists to detect society. and its establishments. as a whole. Functionalism is besides seen as a consensus theory. it sees society as just and merely. and it acknowledges that many societies. including the bulk of western 1s. have democracy and all persons within a peculiar society portion the same or similar norms and values. This could hence be seen as a strength as it acknowledges that democracy does be in many societies. However. as functionalism is a macro-scale attack and sees society as a whole. it could lose important factors/ groups which contribute to the operation of society ; these include little groups and folks. such as itinerants. Not admiting these minority groups within society could take to functionalist sociologists missing important information about how society maps and how minority groups live within a big society. This could hence be seen as a failing of functionalism as it fails to admit that there are minority groups within society. Besides. as functionalism is a consensus theory where all persons within a peculiar society portion the same or similar norms and values and sees society as being just and merely ; nevertheless. it fails to admit that there are inequalities within society. these inequalities could be present sums societal category. gender or ethnicity. However. other attacks. such as Marxism and Feminism acknowledge that there are inequalities within society which raises the inquiry as to whether functionalism is the most appropriate attack to utilize when analyzing society. This is hence seen as a failing of functionalism as society does hold many inequalities which functionalism fails to admit. Talcott Parsons. a functionalist sociologist who elaborated on Durkheim’s work about society and its maps. claimed that society is like an being. in peculiar. the human organic structure. He argued that all establishments. such as the household and the instruction system. within society map together to keep society merely as the variety meats within a human organic structure work together to keep life. In peculiar. Parsons identified three similarities between the human organic structure and society ; he claimed that they were both systems within themselves – all the parts of a organic structure and the establishments within society fit together in fixed ways. He besides identified that these ‘systems’ have demands – the human organic structure needs nutrition to assist it prolong life. whereas society demands equal socialization in order for society to go on working in the manner that it does. Parsons besides stated that both the human organic structure and society have maps – the maps of the systems within the human organic structure guarantee that the body’s demands are fitting therefore keeping life ; whereas. in society. the economic system maps to keep the societal system. As parsons’ analogy helps sociologists to better understand the manner in which establishments in society work together to keep a ‘healthy’ society. it can be seen as a strength of functionalism as it helps to construction sociologists’ perceptual experiences about how society maps. Parsons besides identified four demands of society and how they are met. He claimed that society needs version. this is where the stuff demands of society are met ; for illustration. persons within society work in order to derive their rewards which in bend provides for their stuff demands. He besides argued that society demands end attainment – society demands to put ends and accomplish them ; this demand is met via the political – political leaders set ends for society to accomplish and these ends help to better society. Integration is another demand which Parsons identified. this is where coherence between the different establishments. such as the household and instruction system. is promoted ; this is done to avoid pandemonium and struggle. Latency is besides needed by society. this refers to the manner in which persons cope with jobs in society – they may turn to religion to cut down the strain which has been put on them by society. These demands which Parsons identified can be seen as a strength of society as they help sociologists to understand what society needs in order to work adequately. However. functionalist sociologist. Merton disagreed with the demands which Parsons identified. Merton claims that Parsons ignored the fact that there are establishments within society that can be dysfunctional. for illustration. faith can organize coherence but can besides do divisions within society. Harmonizing to Merton. Parsons failed to admit this. Merton besides argues that Parsons fails to distinguish between intended ( manifest ) and unintended ( latent ) maps within society and hence. Parsons’ thought about the demands and maps of society are really simplistic. Merton besides criticises Parsons’ thought about indispensableness. he assumes that everything is necessary in the manner that it is ; for illustration. kids can merely be socialised adequately in a two parent. atomic household. nevertheless. Merton rejects this claim as he argues that equal socialization can happen even within a individual parent household. Due to Merton’s statements. some facets of functionalism. such as the demands and maps of society. are seen as a failing of society. There are besides other unfavorable judgments of functionalism ; it’s argued that functionalism explains the effects before the causes. For illustration. functionalism claims that kids need to socialised ( this is the consequence ) and hence the household exists ( this is the cause ) . Due to this. may sociologists argue that the functionalism attack is non one which can be used to explicate society decently. Besides. Marxist sociologists argue that functionalism has failed to explicate struggle and alteration within society ; the attack claims that society is harmonious and built on consensus. However. Marxist and Feminist sociologists argue that development and inequality do be in many signifiers. such as societal category and gender inequality ; nevertheless. functionalism has failed to admit this and is hence considered to be an attack which has traditional political orientation which is outdated. This therefore shows defects to the functionalist attack and hence points out the failings within the functionalist attack. Overall. in decision. the functionalist attack has many strengths and failings about the manner in which society maps and the demands it requires. It strengths are seen in the manner in which it explains the basic demands and map of society. these accounts can be used by other sociologists to better and keep an equal society. However. other attacks. such as Marxism and Feminism have criticised functionalism due to its deficiency of recognition of development and inequality which occurs within society. However. overall. it is a balanced statement.

4 Components to an Award-Winning Resume

4 Components to an Award-Winning Resume Last Monday, Career Directors International (CDI) announced the winners of their 17th annual Toast of the Resume Industry (TORI) award competition. TORI award winners are truly outstanding writers. I am very proud and excited that two members of The Essay Expert’s resume writing team won two awards each! Following the awards announcement, TORI judge Gillian Kelly wrote an article on What the Best Resume Writers Are Doing in 2016. The actual resumes will not be released until next month. In the meantime, Ms. Kelly’s observations serve as valuable advice for resume writers, as well as for job seekers writing their own resumes in 2016-2017. Here are the four main areas where the TORI-award-winning resumes stood out: 1. Storytelling Top-level resumes don’t rattle off boring job duties in long blocky paragraphs. While job duties might be covered in a winning resume, they are connected with a story or accomplishment. Great resumes don’t stop at results. They also explain how that result was achieved, what transformation was necessary to achieve it, and what was unique about the solution. These succinct narratives keep the reader engaged and illustrate the job seeker’s unique brand. Here’s an example from an Essay Expert resume that illustrates story-telling. The following paragraph is the opening paragraph to a position description – a paragraph that often is relegated to a list of job duties: Led largest dollar volume division in country to record sales volume, managing four General Sales Managers and 43 Sales Representatives. Transformed division’s approach to competitive data and market analysis while monitoring lot mix, phasing, new starts, lot premiums, specifications, and promotions. Notice how job duties and scope are covered in this paragraph, but they are made more engaging by wrapping in results and transformative results. 2. Visuals TORI award winners used graphics and other images in their resumes, avoiding the text-heavy look and feel of more traditional resumes. Tools like color, infographics, and text boxes served to accentuate the content of the resume. It’s important to note that if you choose to represent an accomplishment using a graph, you must also write about that accomplishment in a bullet. There are two reasons for this duplicative effort: 1) Since not everyone is visually oriented, they might not even look at the details of the image to understand what it represents, and 2) If the resume gets submitted through an Applicant Tracking System, the data in the graph or image will be lost. Here are just a few examples of graphics used in executive resumes by The Essay Expert: Tools used to create these graphics include basic text boxes, borders, SmartArt, and Excel. You can see how they add pop and interest to what could otherwise be a visually bland resume. 3. Succinct Writing As pointed out by Ms. Kelly, less is more when it comes to resume writing. The best bullets are tightly written, getting each point across in as few words as possible. The fewer words on a resume, the more white space there can be – which is a good thing! White space allows the content to be more easily absorbed. Stay away from densely written, text-heavy resumes, which risk losing the attention of your reader. Here are a couple of examples of tightly written resume bullets: Realized three monthly closing projections in a row, a feat never before achieved in division history. Took one of least profitable divisions and achieved #3 ROI, ranking #2 for lowest overhead and #3 for asset turn. Notice how every word counts! Are your resume bullets this concise, and do they show the true impact you made on your organization? 4. Quantifiable Achievements The best resumes use metrics to nail down achievements, avoiding generalities about a person’s greatness. Buzz words like â€Å"results-oriented† will not fly. And don’t wait to convey your greatest achievements; showcase them in the top 1/3 of the resume! One technique used by TORI award winners was to write â€Å"reverse CAR stories† which state a result, followed by the challenge and action that got the result. Here’s an example of a highlight from the top 1/3 of a resume by The Essay Expert: Built intuitive, interactive user interface for Java web-based delivery system, increasing Java technology downloads by 112% in 3 months. Used Java FX to build Oracles showcase Advanced Results website for 2010 Winter Olympic Games, accessed by 1.2M unique users. Notice there are no generalities in this paragraph; it’s all concrete, factual, quantifiable information. That’s what makes good resume material. Did you learn something from the observations of a TORI judge? How might you change your resume based on her advice and The Essay Expert’s samples? For more examples and tips on how to write a top-notch resume, check out How to Write a WINNING Resume and How to Write a STELLAR Executive Resume, both written by me, Brenda Bernstein. The most current versions of the books are available in PDF through The Essay Expert’s website. Save

Role of a director in a play Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Role of a director in a play - Assignment Example Its 1971 adaptation to television earned the play’s director Fielder Cook an Emmy award for an Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Drama for a Single Program. Due to these directing successes, The price is a perfect illustration of a director’s role in any production. Rush and Lowe (70) assert that directors are responsible for major decision making, oversight, crew control, text interpretation and play blocking in a production. The director is responsible for all ideas and concepts employed in a production. Therefore, for a success of any single play, relies on the ideas of the director. To discharge this duty, the modern director is expected to develop an overriding theme or main message to pass across to an audience specific to each production or revival, choose a period on which to stage a play in time, determine the theatre space requirements (71), control set design (72), look for the right cast, block or stage the play (73), determine character relationships and lastly, create effects for the audience (74). Director Gary Hynes successfully brings out The Price’s original aim of exploring family relationship, in particularly sibling strife through the two Franz brothers confrontation. Grosbard’s successful direction of the moral standoff between the two brothers (Playbill.com) echoes Gary Hynes later production at the Mark Taper Forum in this regard. McNulty (5) observes that though the play is old fashioned, both directors set it in an attic of a Manhattan brownstone, a quite fitting analogy to the theme of the play. Choosing a theatre for this play is not a difficult task as it does not require much in terms of space, but the design has to reflect a long neglected house and locked away furniture. McNulty’s (5) review critiques Hynes’ set for resembling the â€Å"warehouse of a pricey antique shop†, but credits the director with successful choice of theatre. With regard to casting, the price prior castings have been

Competencies questions answers grammar correcting Essay

Competencies questions answers grammar correcting - Essay Example Throughout this role I have gained sound organization, time management, leadership attributes, communication compactness and self motivation experience. The same reflect on a number of key achievements: Maintaining a comprehensive knowledge and understanding of the latest products and services available, regularly analyzing and cross referencing current products and services available in order to establish suitability Maximizing sales by not just effectively identifying customers’ individual requirements and subsequently offering viable product and service solutions, but also through the identification and escalation of cross selling opportunities Self motivation – apart from my academic studies at the university, I learnt Japanese as my fourth language which clearly shows that I am a self-motivated person. This enables me to use my self-motivation to balance my work, study and social life in the future which will work towards a professional qualification Strong analysis – I have strong analytical skills – not just through economic and finance studies, but also working on my dissertation that involved extensive research, data collection, model hypothesis, data analysis and results’ interpretation which developed excellent time management and organization skills within my repertoire Teamwork – I also have excellent teamwork consciousness which was acquired from not just academic history, but also from past employments through effectively participating in group works and working hand in hand with the colleagues towards the common goals Hewitt operates in a highly competitive financial service industry which has successes that rely on the supereminence of individuals and team performance. Therefore, my key strengths are valuable intangible assets for Hewitt At the age of 23, in the year 2006 when I had just

Micro Economics - Competition Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Micro Economics - Competition - Essay Example However, not all situations can the management plan on how to counter the competitors. In most cases, these situations arise due to unavoidable circumstances facing an organization. Whenever such situations arise, an organization’s management has to take drastic measures of solving the problem. How firms solve the problem of competition in the two scenarios forms the main discussion of this paper. Short-Run Decisions and Long Run Adjustments of Firms Facing Competition Introduction Competition occurs in perfect market structures where firms operate in a perfectly competitive market structure. In perfect competition, many small firms involved in the production of identical products with perfect access to resources and knowledge characterize the market structure. Firms operating in a perfectly competitive market structure face a horizontal and perfectly elastic and demand curve, a situation where marginal revenues are equal to average revenue. Characteristics of perfectly compet itive markets include perfect knowledge, freedom of entry and exit of firms, production of homogenous and identical units of output and many firms in operation. The structuring of a perfect market does not give an opportunity to a single firm to either influence the market price or market conditions, there are no governmental regulations and the assumption there is no existence of externalities. Body Faced with the problem of competition, organizations have to device ways and means of preserving their relevance in the market. Various factors affect the relevance of organizations in the industry they operate. Jain and Khanna (198) assert that quality and the popularity of an organization’s products among the customers determine the market share of that company in the market it operates. Competition indirectly acts as a quality controller. As companies increase their fight for a bigger cake in the entire market, they apply a number of measures. Firstly, companies increase their focus on the quality of products provided to the market while at the same time strives to offer the best prices in the market. Pricing is not an influential factor as high-end markets have indicated. Quality is the biggest factor influencing the market dynamics and purchasing behaviours of customers. Compromising quality of products adversely effects on the customers base of a company. Companies known to high quality products and services are associated with large market shares and subsequently report high revenues and profits. While laying down strategies for winning their competition, organizations apply a number of means and ways. Although every organization uses unique strategies in the market geared towards increasing its revenue sales, there are similar steps that organizations use to achieve these results. Either, an organization can opt for long term or short-term competition mitigation factors. While long-term plans needs a solid strategic plan and implementation schedule, short term decisions could be spontaneous and reactive. Reaction is a situation where a company facing high competition from other firms operating in the same industry takes drastic measures of countering that competition. Mainly, the management as measures of last result takes such measures. However, the management of an organization should be adequately prepared to counter any in eventualities whenever they occur in their operations. Whenever

Technical Advantages of a Cone Crusher Essay Example for Free

Technical Advantages of a Cone Crusher Essay Henan Daswell Machinery is a professional supplier for mining machinery. We can provided all kinds of stone crusher,like cone crusher,impact crusher,jaw crusher,hammer crusher ,diesel engine crusher.etc.and our stone crusher are widely used in road construction with top quality and best services. As we all know,ore is a kind of hard and unbreakable material in crushing raw material. It must adopt the special method to collect and use it. However, the most utility is to crush and grind it through the mechanical force. Stone crusher receives a good reputation relying on the high efficiency, low energy consumption and the stable operation. In addition, it is also used in hydro-dam construction, transportation, chemical industry and building materials. DHC hydraulic cone crusher, which is designed by Daswell Machinery engineers, absorbs the various features of international advanced cone crushers. It is obviously different from the traditional cone crusher in design of structure, and focuses on the major advantages of various cone crushers until now. Daswell Machinery new-design cone crusher is the new generation of products, which replaces the spring cone crusher and the common hydraulic cone crusher. It is an ideal equipment for the large stone processing factory and mining crushing. From the aggregate production to the ore reduction, it can supply the incomparable crushing performance in the work of secondary crushing, fine crushing and ultra-fine crushing. Daswell Machinery insists on the continuous innovation, and improves the performance and reliability of cone crusher constantly. What s more, it takes the road of typical development, so as to create a world-class brand in the crushing and screening industry relying on our innovative and professional skills.

Breaking the Bonds of Oppression in Susan Glaspells A Jury of Her Peer

Breaking the Bonds of Oppression in A Jury of Her Peers  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Susan Glaspell’s "A Jury of Her Peers" is a view into the lives of farmer’s wives in the Midwest at the turn of the century. These women live in a male dominated world, where the men consider them incompetent and frivolous. The only identity they have is that associated with their husbands. They stay at the farmhouse to complete their repetitive and exhausting chores. The wives have little or no contact with the other people because of the distances between farms. Glaspell uses her female characters to rebel against the inequalities that women face and to prove that women are competent and when pushed too far --strike back. The male dominant society that is condescending, controlling, denies individuality, demands submission, and is abusive toward women, is a society that punishes and deprives itself. It is a society that is harmful and hurtful, not only to the women, but to the men as well. Typical of the male dominant frame of mind, the men’s view of the women in "A Jury of Her Peers" is condescending from start to finish. Putting a slight twist on Shakespeare’s famous metaphor, "The world is a stage", the men are the puppeteers, and the women "merely" puppets, evidences the men’s beliefs (Act II, scene 7, lines 143-144). The men believe they are superior and more intelligent than the women are. The feeling of superiority is evident in Mr. Hale’s comment, "women are used to worrying over trifles" (Glaspell 186). Similarly, these feelings of superiority are shown in the county attorney’s musings over whether the women would "know a clue if they came upon it" (Glaspell 187). Glaspell uses this emotion to create the irony in the story. She shows how ... ...~journals~S~hyp.html&querydocid=1096142 @library_a&dtype=0~0&dinst=0> Sherman, Beth. "The Dirt on Men despite Liberation, Education, Maturation and Good Old Nagging, Women still can’t get their Men to Clean the House. Is it a Lost Cause or is there Some Way to Make Men Come Clean?" 26 Sept. 1992. SI., Newsday. 17 Feb. 1999. <http://www.elibrary.com/s/edumark/getdoc.cgi?id=125920539x0y20939w1& OIDS=0Q002D000&Form=RL&pubname=Newsday&puburl=http~C~~S~~S~ www.newsday.com&querydocid=213927@library_g&dtype=0~0&dinst=0> Walradth, Ellie. "Historian Says Farm Wives a Happy Lot." 21 Feb. 1997. University of Wisconsin. 17 Feb. 1999. <http://www.elibrary.com/s/edumark/getdoc.cgi?id=125920539x0y20939w1& OIDS=0Q002D000&Form=RL&pubname=Newsday&puburl=http~C~~S~~S~ www.newsday.com&querydocid=213927@library_g&dtype=0~0&dinst=0>     

James Joyces Araby - Auditory Imagery in Araby :: Joyce Dubliners Araby Essays

Auditory Imagery in Araby  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   I noticed a lot of auditory imagery in "Araby" that helped to enhance the meaning of the story. The first is the description of the sound in the streets when the young man is walking by thinking of the girl he loves. He hears the "curses of laborers," the "shrill litanies of shop boys," and "nasal chantings of street singers." All of these images, besides just making the street seem busy, also make it seem like an unpleasant and intruding scene, almost like you would want to cover your ears and hurry through as fast as possible. This compliments perfectly the boy's imagination that he is "carrying his chalice safely through a throng of foes." In the scene where the boy is in the priest's house late at night, the auditory imagery helps contribute to the sense of drama. "There was no sound in the house," but outside boy heard the rain "impinge upon the earth" with "fine incessant needles of water." The choice of words here makes the rain seem almost as if it is hostile. You can hear th e force and fury of the storm, and this makes the emotions the boy is feeling seem even more intense. Later, when the boy is looking out the window of the top story of his house, he looks down and sees his friends playing in the street, and their cries reach him "weakened and indistinct." This image brings about an impression that the boy now feels "removed" from his friends and their games, because he is caught up in his fantasy. Normally, he would probably be down there playing with them, but now his head is filled with much more pressing thoughts, and they drown out the laughter and fun of his friends and their "childish" games. Finally, when the boy enters the bazaar, he recognizes "a silence like that which pervades a church after a church service.

Film Analysis Update Essay

I have selected the film â€Å"Elizabeth: the Golden Age† because I became extremely fascinated on why of all the monarchs who have ruled England, she is the monarch that has been included in various forms of literature as well as having an era in England’s history named after her. After selecting the film for this paper, I first watched the entire movie without pausing and just noting down scenes that I considered as the most important. After that I watched the film again carefully so much so that I would pause the film once in a while in order to note down important parts of the film. My next step was to go to the Library and began to study the book â€Å"England’s Elizabeth: an Afterlife in Fame and Fantasy† by Michael Dobson and Nicola J. Watson in order to get a better understanding how authors, poets and filmmakers have depicted Queen Elizabeth I in various forms of literature and productions. The best resource materials I came across were â€Å"Behind the Mask: the Life of Queen Elizabeth I† by Jane Rush Thomas since it gave a very objective outlook on the life of Queen Elizabeth I. In the paper, the summary of the film would first be presented on the paper followed by the presentation of information from resource materials which would either support or challenge certain scenes in the movie, specifically the role of Mary Stuart in the attempted assassination of Queen Elizabeth I and the war between Spain and England. From there a comparison on the accuracy of the depiction of this chapter in the life of Queen Elizabeth I in the film will be analyzed since there were some events shown in the film that appear to contradict historical documentations.

Boston Beer Essay Example

Boston Beer Essay Example Boston Beer Essay Boston Beer Essay The biggest strength of the company is the trade name image it has among the consumers. Boston Beer. specifically the Samuel Adams. good known from the superior quality and expensive ingredients used along with the traditional brewing techniques which give it an first-class spirit. which can non be easy copied by the other rivals. In add-on the usage of less H2O in its merchandises besides has given it a positive advantage in footings of merchandise quality. Failings: Opportunities: The thought to go on to turn in the already overcrowded market of forte beer makers is critical to the success of this company. There are presently over 13 hundred micro-brewers in the United States with The Boston Beer Company ranked figure one in overall gross revenues and sixth in the overall domestic market. Presently the Heineken and Corona trade names rank in front of Samuel Adams in this class in the universe market. In the close hereafter the company is tilting towards having more breweries and cutting back on the contract beer makers. Presently the different cost associated with contract brewing involves natural stuffs. excise revenue enhancements and sedimentations for palettes and kegs and specialised equipment required for beer production. Brewery ownership would affect important capital investing which could easy transcend $ 50 million for the combination of purchase. enlargement and betterment. or for original building. Menaces: In recent old ages. all beer makers have had to postulate with a dead beer market and per-capita ingestion that is on the diminution. The logical thinking behind this on-going tendency are attributed to underlying factors such as the low saccharide diet rave that has taken off in recent old ages. the unstable economic system. and an addition in market portion of vinos and liquors. BBC should assail the light beer market. Light beer is the largest selling type of beer on the market. and accounting for five of top 10 best-selling beers. As light beer becomes more popular. BBC should listen to clients and follow the tendency non to be behind. while others all bring forthing light line of beers to catch more possible clients. BBC already has their ain visible radiation beer. so they can salvage clip and money to develop the whole new merchandise. From the gustatory sensation proving. Lightship receives the highest grade. connoting that it has a strong potency to success when they approach in right manner. It is more about how they introduce the merchandise to the market. instead than contriving a new merchandise. To last in the strong competition and grab customers’ attending. BBC clearly need to distinguish the image of Lightship from other light beers. Research shows that most of current clients of light beers want different facets from what Lightship is designed to be. Alternatively of aiming the same clients with other light beers. Lightship needs to concentrate on other. untasted client section. who seek for full spirit and organic structure with lower Calories. As the market tends to merchandise up to high-end trade names. BBC’s trade name image will assist establish Lightship. stressing its high quality and genuineness. To pull first-try customers’ . the label should be changed to be more vivacious and energetic. emphasizing the major images that people think of light beers. There is lot more to derive by holding light beer section than to lose by giving up. Each signifier of research performed gives the specific part depending on its features. A gustatory sensation trial is explorative research to derive thoughts and client penetrations. It is designed to research customer’s positions. particularly how clients sees Lightship among other rivals in this instance. The consequence shows how much imbibing beer counts for portion of their lives and who the possible clients of Lightship are. and the valuable remarks about major features of beer that they find in each viing trade name. This trial tells what value clients seek for the most in light beer section. giving thoughts about how BBC should near to market. Despite of strong trade name acknowledgment of Amstel Light. Lightship is ranked in first topographic point. connoting BBC should follow a new manner of advertisement to increase the trade name consciousness. This trial would be better with inquiries inquiring what aspects participants think Lightship should hold. ZMET provides concealed cognition with more deepness by arousing customers’ deepest feelings and emotions about the merchandise. ZMET is a projective method that uncovers the ideas and feelings associated with the experience of light beers. Even though there are some down sides of imbibing beers. people find a batch more positive sides as they see imbibing light beer as some sort of wagess. refreshing and energetic activity. This implies there is adequate potency for light beer section to turn much further. ZMET consequence besides gives way and guideline to BBC. Conducting ZMET surely contribute to project implicit in attitudes and feelings to assist BBC to understand their mark clients more profoundly. However. because of little sample size. there could be restriction of acquiring broader positions. I would split the sample by age and beer ingestion degree to acquire more clear thoughts to pull more focussed mark intensely and efficaciously. Another qualitative research HBS pupils behavior is retail research. done through interviews. which generates general thoughts of current market state of affairs and how rivals are making. This besides gives brief intimations of the monetary value points Lightship should aim. I would urge HBS pupil to split the sample groups by sing wonts of clients for each type of retail merchants. If BBC can happen out the topographic point where most possible clients of Lightship often goes. it would assist cut down waste and backlog of the merchandises produced in distribution procedure. For illustration. if clients of athletics saloon seem to prefer light beer than clients of smart Gallic eating house make. BBC can salvage their clip and money by concentrating on developing improved distribution line with athletics saloon. The drumhead montage of ZMET gives valuable thoughts that consumers have about their experience with light beers. The most of import image associated with light beer is energy and energy giving by offering refreshment. Another image the light beers have is being simple yet great in visual aspect and in gustatory sensation. There is dichotomy of the experience. while they see it as wagess but effects of intoxicant makes them self-aware. Sailing represents both composure and thirst slaking spirit which is reviewing and cold with construction. There are several images stand foring group activity. Peoples see imbibing light beer as the activity that they do with others. which give them group consciousness. They want to be in group but to be different from others by holding control. Peoples think that the types of beer they drink tell their societal position. supplying them with group individuality. The quandary of light beer is shown through the hula-hoops stand foring the balance and control. There are tensenesss between control and demand of let go ofing suppression. blandness and simpleness. demand for ego and group individuality. being active and being inactive. Since light beers seem to be more attractive to energetic immature coevals and people who do non imbibe beers on a regular basis and do non bask the heavy gustatory sensation of beer. holding more cognition of their possible client group helps BBC to aim their clients more efficaciously without blowing attempt of aiming incorrect clients. BBC besides could hold done research about what characteristic of Lightship people like and dislike. The characteristic that clients like about Lightship should be kept. and the characteristic with lower grade given should be altered or discontinued. What BBC can make now is to see the appropriate manner of advertisement for Lightship. Research consequences prove that light beer market is still turning and there is nil incorrect with the quality of Lightship. It turns out to be the consciousness of Lightship is low. connoting their advertisement methods are non attention-getting. By changing their manner of advertisement. BBC can derive more test clients. who can be turned into loyal clients. Lightship besides needs to aim different client section. which looks for full organic structure and spirit beer with lower Calories. Rather than contending straight with strong challengers. BBC should aim other client sections by emphasizing its alone quality and spirit. It is deserving seeking establishing light beer section.